Republicans in Congress and in several statehouses are ramping up efforts to challenge a 44‑year‑old Supreme Court decision that guarantees undocumented children access to free public education, setting the stage for a major constitutional fight over immigration, education and the reach of the Fourteenth Amendment. In 1982, the Supreme Court ruled that denying undocumented children violated the Equal Protection Clause, with one conservative justice joining all four liberal justices on the court