Globally, 1 in 10 babies are born preterm, which means before week 37 . Many face long‑term health challenges, from developmental delays to vision, hearing, or breathing problems. And there is a dramatic difference in survival rates among premature babies depending on where they are born. In low‑income countries, more than 90% of extremely preterm babies don’t survive, while advanced neonatal care means that figure is lower than 10% in high‑income settings. Special medical treatments in NICUs (