By Tarun Sai Lomte Reviewed by Susha Cheriyedath, M.Sc. Mar 29 2026 A new study shows that APOE4 reshapes brain-linked immune and lymphatic pathways in strikingly different ways in females and males, with opposite cognitive effects when innate immunity is suppressed. Study: Sex-specific APOE4-dependent innate immunity regulates meningeal lymphatics, brain lipids, neuroinflammation, and cognition . Image Credit: ahmetmapush / Shutterstock In a recent study published in the journal  Neuron ,