Beijing Institute of Technology Press Co., Ltd Apr 21 2026 As the authors detail, PNI is a prevalent neurological condition that often causes permanent sensory and motor dysfunction, severely impairing patient's quality of life. While autologous nerve grafts remain the clinical gold standard for long-segment nerve defects, they are plagued by critical limitations including scarce donor tissue, donor site morbidity, and size mismatch between graft and host nerve. Existing artificial nerve