When is a failure a success? The Israeli intelligence fiasco that preceded the October 7 assault by Hamas in 2023 is undeniable. However, the Israeli military strategy that helped give rise to that disaster was also the key to some of the triumphs Israel has achieved in the nearly two years since, against Hezbollah in Lebanon and against Iran. That strategy was known as the “Campaign Between the Wars.” During a decade in which Israel’s military would engage sporadically in open cross-border