Mario Draghi, the former head of the European Central Bank, warned more than a year ago that the European Union faced “slow agony” if it didn’t pursue significant economic reform. He is not alone in his concern. European officials rightly worry about the bloc’s growth, competitiveness, and productivity lagging its geoeconomic rivals. The diagnosis has been clear for years, and the policies to address these economic problems aren’t mysterious. The issue is making them happen—and doing it fast