When Volodymyr Zelenskyy awarded an elite Ukrainian military unit the honorary title “Heroes of the UPA” this week, the move triggered an immediate backlash in Poland. President Karol Nawrocki responded by calling for Zelenskyy to be stripped of Poland’s highest state distinction, turning a long-running historical dispute into a fresh diplomatic row between two of Europe’s closest wartime partners. The argument centers on the legacy of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army, or UPA, a nationalist