Study of 1,300 campaigners finds arrests, fines and jail terms increase determination of activists to take direct action Study of 1,300 campaigners finds arrests, fines and jail terms increase determination of activists to take direct action The criminalisation of direct action climate protests in the UK is counterproductive and increases the determination of activists to undertake disruptive demonstrations, according to a study of 1,300 campaigners. New findings suggest arrests, fines and