The radicalized teens charged with hurling a bomb at a Gracie Mansion protests allegedly used an explosive that has long been a favorite of international terrorists — with deadly consequences. Triacetone Triperoxide, or TATP, is a highly volatile substance known as “Mother of Satan” that has been linked to high-profile terror attacks throughout the globe for more than a decade, The Post has learned. “Anything can set it off, heat, friction, impact. It’s cheap, hard to detect but highly unstable,