The European Union, which was born in 1993 and sired by the Maastricht Treaty, was a child of neoliberalism: the doctrine of market supremacy and government restraint that swept the world from the 1980s onward. Globalization and the single market provided the EU with a growth engine; the single currency and the EU regulatory authorities drove integration; and an extensive system of contracting out sustained the EU’s sense that it was a special place, at the forefront of progress. Provided the Ch