BRUSSELS — The United States and Israel's attacks on Iran have brought chaos to one of the world's most oil-rich regions, with far-reaching implications for the global energy supply. Shipping traffic has all but stopped through the Strait of Hormuz in the Persian Gulf, a chokepoint for a fifth of the global oil and gas trade. That has left governments panicking over supply chains and searching for alternatives.  Where does that leave Europe? While less dependent on the Gulf's oil and gas than