Xia & He Publishing Inc. May 29 2026 Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep disorder characterized by intermittent hypoxia and sleep fragmentation, which may contribute to lung cancer development and progression. This review synthesizes epidemiological evidence on the association between OSA and lung cancer incidence and mortality. While some studies report an increased lung cancer risk, particularly with severe nocturnal hypoxemia, others show no significant association or even a