By Tarun Sai Lomte Reviewed by Susha Cheriyedath, M.Sc. Apr 15 2026 A new paper argues that foods do not have fixed health effects in isolation. What matters is what they replace on the plate, and that shift could change how nutrition evidence is interpreted. Opinion: Is this food healthy? Reframing nutrition evidence through counterfactual comparisons . Image Credit: Anna Puzatykh / Shutterstock A recent opinion paper published in the journal  Clinical Nutrition advocates reframing nutrition