University of Pennsylvania Aug 8 2025 Music is a powerful tool for conveying mood, whether heard via a live performance or movie soundtrack, making it an effective medium for understanding how people identify and respond to emotions. Studies have found that children ages 5 to 11 show increasing accuracy in recognizing specific emotions in music. However, research on emotion recognition in music among people with traits associated with "callous-unemotional" behavior-such as the absence of