Chinese Academy of Sciences May 20 2026 Artificial intelligence (AI) has already changed many aspects of medical imaging, but traditional ophthalmic AI systems are often built for a single disease, dataset, or task. That narrow design can limit generalizability across hospitals, imaging devices, patient populations, and disease categories. Ophthalmology is well suited to the next stage of AI development because it depends heavily on standardized, image-rich examinations such as fundus imaging