Korea University College of Medicine Sep 11 2025 Meningiomas are the most common primary brain tumors, accounting for nearly one-third of all central nervous system (CNS) tumors. While most are benign and manageable, 20–30% progress to high-grade forms that behave aggressively, recur frequently, and resist standard treatments. Recurrence remains a major clinical challenge, as these tumors often return stronger, leaving patients with limited therapeutic options. Despite advances in understanding