Scientists are warning dog owners to pay closer attention to subtle changes in canine behaviour, as new research has highlighted 17 key signs of pain in dogs —many of which, scientists found, are too easily overlooked. The study, based on responses from 647 participants including 530 dog owners and 117 non-dog owners, examined how well people can recognise pain-related behaviours in dogs. Using an online questionnaire, participants were asked to assess 17 specific behavioural signs and evaluate