As Russia’s war against Ukraine has marked two grim milestones – 4000 days since the initial invasion in 2014 and 1000 days since the full-scale invasion in February 2022 – a comprehensive analysis reveals how the Kremlin has systematically deployed information warfare alongside its military campaign. This multifaceted assault on truth and reality has been just as calculated as the physical invasion itself. The foundation of aggression: denying Ukraine’s right to exist From the outset, Russia’s