Not all gadgets are meant to make life easier. Some gadgets break things, exploiting cracks in our digital systems, prying them open, and crawling inside. Most often used by penetration testers — a kind of white-hat hacker hired to test a company’s security by breaking in themselves — these gadgets serve as a kind of road map to the most common vulnerabilities in our digital world. For the most part, they’re commercialized versions of tech that already existed in a scrappier form, leaning on