By Priyanjana Pramanik, MSc. Reviewed by Susha Cheriyedath, M.Sc. Nov 25 2025 A global analysis shows how modern lifestyles erode microbial diversity, destabilize gut communities, and amplify immune stress signals, revealing hidden biological costs of industrialization. Study: Industrialization drives convergent microbial and physiological shifts in the human metaorganism . Image Credit: MattL_Images / Shutterstock *Important notice: bioRxiv publishes preliminary scientific reports that are not