When the Iran Freedom Congress (IFC), a bold new diaspora opposition venture, convened in late March for its two-day inaugural event in London, expectations and spirits were high. One by one, a remarkably diverse array of Iranian émigrés—from leftists to constitutional monarchists to feminist activists—took the stage to lay out their vision for a future Iran. The U.S.-Israeli war on Iran had brought renewed urgency to forming a viable, organized opposition, and there was a sense among those