Conflicts over land and resources have deepened owing to climate breakdown, deforestation and population growth Conflicts over land and resources have deepened owing to climate breakdown, deforestation and population growth Abu ‘Abu Radde’ Bello, the leader of a gang in Katsina state A young boy in the mining town of Nahuta, which has been targeted by armed gangs Bello’s gang gathered under a tree A customs authority building on the Nigeria-Niger border Clockwise from top left: gang members