Nearly two years have passed since October 7, 2023, and yet only now can we begin to fully understand how deeply that day, and the war that followed, have shaped Israel's innovation economy.The disruptions were immediate and far-reaching. Waves of reserve duty pulled tens of thousands of skilled workers from their jobs, leaving start-ups and corporates to function with missing engineers, managers, and in some cases, founders themselves. Air travel, always the lifeline of a global innovation hub,