By Dr. Priyom Bose, Ph.D. Reviewed by Lauren Hardaker Nov 25 2025 A landmark U.S. study tracking students from high school to age 60 reveals that recommended fluoride levels support stronger academic performance in adolescence but offer no measurable cognitive edge in later adulthood. Study: Childhood fluoride exposure and cognition across the life course . Image credit: Lopolo/Shutterstock.com A study in Science Advances examines the impact of fluoride exposure on cognitive performance during